Language :: Communication, Māori Language

The three key ideas that I have explored during my on-line and discussions are: firstly the importance of maintaining of Te reo MÄ ori in New Zealand. Secondly, the role of teachers in maintaining Te Reo MÄ ori in centres and finally I realised the need to acquire second language. Fishman (1996) point out that to lose a language means to lose a culture. Base on this point, I strongly agree that regeneration and maintenance of MÄ ori language is the most imperative action that we should take. Te Kohanga Reo was developed in response to MÄ ori concern ensuring the continuing survival of the Maori language. The DVD expressed that "all kohanga's reflects kaupapa of MÄ ori regeneration" (Te Rere a Te Amokura, 2003). One particular kohanga reo is Te Kohanga Reo o Te Amokura, which provides the opportunities of regeneration and maintenance of the MÄ ori language to tamariki through daily routines Hence teachers have a hugely role in incorporating Te Reo into our centres as much as possible. Teachers can support MÄ ori language through prayer, greeting, storytelling and singing, exercises (Te Rere a Te Amokura, 2003). In order for it to be effective though, I think it needs to be carried on outside of the centres, like it mentioned in the DVD (Te Rere a Te Amokura, 2003). The children's whÄ nau needs to be on board and understand the importance of it to really make an impact. Moreover, Aneta in the lecture mentioned that revitalising language involves regenerating bonds between families and communities. Te WhÄ riki (1996) states children should experience an environment where: connecting links with the family and the wider world are affirmed and extended (p. 54). Furthermore I realize the need for children acquire a second language .New Zealand is a multicultural country. To put this into perspective we can also look at the proportion of people talking in some other second languages in New Zealand. May (2005) points out that the 2001 Census indicates that there are now over 100,000 speakers of Pasifika language. The vast majority of who are Samoan speakers (81,033). This means that Samoan is officially the third largest language group in New Zealand behind English (3,425,301) and MÄ ori (160,527) (p. 369). These ideas have shifted my thinking. As MÄ ori is the indigenous language of this country only. This is quite different to me as Indian because Fiji is a country where we could keep its language and culture, so if the new generations of Indian forgo their culture in New Zealand that does not mean Indian have lost their culture in the world.

Forty Studies That Changed Psychology Essay

Something important in psychology is to differentiate between what is considered normal and abnormal. Psychologists need to do this to decide what to diagnose as a mental illness, and the treatment for this mental illness. Unfortunately, for everyone involved, it is not always easy to discern between what is normal behavior, sometimes called effective psychological functioning, and abnormal behavior, which could possibly be the result of a psychological disorder. To help determine between, psychologists use a few decisive factors. This includes the context in which someone observes the behavior. In relation to context, it means that the situation matters because in one situation a behavior may be normal, but not necessarily in all situations. Another factor is the persistence of the behavior or how often, over time, the behavior continues or occurs. How far, from the accepted social norm, the behavior deviates is also an important factor. Whether or not someone is aware of his or her own psychological difficulties is subjective distress. This subjective distress is often a great help to mental health professionals in making a psychological diagnosis. When a person finds it impossible to be satisfied with life due to psychological problems, this is considered a psychological handicap. Effect on functioning could be considered the bottom line in psychological diagnosis: the extent to which the behaviors in question interfere with a person’s ability to live the life that he or she desires and that society will accept. These â€Å"symptoms† and characteristics of mental illness all involve judgments on the part of psychologists, psychiatrists, and others. So these mental health professionals still need to answer to important questions. Are mental health professionals truly able to distinguish between the mentally ill and the mentally healthy? In addition, what are the consequences of mistakes? These are the questions addressed by David Rosenhan in his study. Rosenhan questioned whether the characteristics that lead to psychological diagnoses reside in the patients themselves or in the in which the people diagnosing find the patients. He reasoned that if the training mental health professionals have received for diagnosing mental illness are adequate, then those professionals should be able to distinguish correctly. Rosenhan proposed that one way to test mental health professionals’ ability to correctly categorize would be to admit normal people to psychiatric facilities to see if they would be categorized as healthy. If these â€Å"pseudo patients† behaved in the hospital as they would on the outside, and if they were not discovered to be healthy/normal, this would be evidence that diagnoses of the mentally ill are tied more to the situation than to the patient. Rosenhan recruited eight subjects to serve as pseudo patients. The subjects’ mission was to try to be admitted to twelve different psychological hospitals. All of the pseudo patients followed the same instructions. They called the hospital and made an appointment. Upon arrival at the hospital, they complained of hearing voices that said specific things. Other than this one thing, all subjects acted completely normal and gave very truthful information to the interviewer other than personal information. All the subjects were admitted to the various hospitals, and all but one was admitted with a diagnosis of â€Å"schizophrenia. Once inside the hospital, the pseudo patients simply behaved normally. The subjects had no idea of when they would be allowed to leave the hospital. It was up to them to gain their release by convincing the hospital staff that they were healthy enough to be discharged. All of the subjects took notes of their experiences. At first, they tried to conceal this activity, but soon it was clear to all that this secrecy was unnecessary, since this was seen as just another symptom of their illness. They all wanted to be released as soon as possible, so they behaved as model patients, cooperating with the staff and accepting all medications (which were not swallowed, but flushed down the toilet). The key finding in this study was that not one of the pseudo patients was detected by anyone on the hospital staff. When they were released, their mental health status was recorded in their files as â€Å"schizophrenia in remission. † There were other interesting findings and observations. While the hospital’s staff of doctors, nurses, and attendants failed to detect the subjects, the other patients could not be so easily fooled. Contacts between the patients and the staff were minimal and often bizarre. One of the tests made by the pseudo patients in the study was to approach various staff members and attempt to make verbal contact by asking common, normal questions. Rosenhan’s study demonstrated that normal people cannot be distinguished from the mentally ill in a hospital setting. According to Rosenhan, this is because of the overwhelming influence of the psychiatric hospital setting on the staff’s judgment of the individual’s behavior. Once patients are admitted to such a facility, there is a strong tendency for them to be viewed in ways that remove all individuality. The attitude created is that if they are there, then they must be crazy. More important is what Rosenhan refers to as the stickiness of the label. That is, when a patient is labeled as schizophrenic, it becomes his or her central characteristic or personality trait. From the moment, the label is given and the staff knows it, they perceive all of the patient’s behavior as stemming from that label. The hospital staff tended to ignore the situational pressures on patients and saw only the behavior relevant to the pathological traits assigned to the patients. Remember that all the subjects gave honest accounts of their pasts and families. The results pointed out two crucial factors. First, it appeared that the sane could not be distinguished from the insane in mental hospital settings. Second, Rosenhan demonstrated the danger of diagnostic labels. Once a person is labeled as, having a certain psychological condition that label overcomes all of his or her other characteristics. The worst part of this sort of treatment is that it can become self-confirming. That is, if a person is treated in a certain way consistently over time, he or she may begin to behave that way. Out of Rosenhan’s work grew greater care in diagnostic procedures and increased awareness of the dangers of applying labels to patients.

Is Leni Riefenstahl guilty or not guilty Free Essay Example, 2000 words

â€Å"Un-German† art was that which was pure art and had nothing to do with the â€Å"good† of the Nazi ideologies and Germany as a whole. The power to control artists was handed to him by the March 1933 Enabling Act, and through it, he could enforce whatever Nazi ideologies he wished into the artists’ world, whether it was painting, drawing, dancing, performing arts, or architecture. In his abuse of the Act, Hitler directed that artists were to be â€Å"politically reliable†. This elaborated, Hitler meant that all art should praise him, and if one failed to apply this in their art, they would be denied the right to conduct their activities in Nazi Germany. This twist of events expelled many artists from Germany, but Leni Riefenstahl did not seem affected. The lives of artists were further made worse when Hitler displayed what he termed as â€Å"degenerate art†, which was a display set up in Munich in 1936 to act as a guide of telling artists what was acceptable and what was rejected. In concealing his agenda, Hitler hosted hundreds of art competitions and offered cash prizes to those who presented works with strong Nazi and German ideologies. Leni Riefenstahl was not spared either. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Leni Riefenstahl guilty or not guilty or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Rather, Hitler tried to keep her as a friend of his Nazi party because he liked her way of applying aesthetics in film to direct motion pictures. His idea was to use her unique abilities of reaching the audience to spread his rule all over Germany and the world. Her tools of work included cameras and motion picture video captures unique in that she used to track rails and cranes to get amazing shots which were unique at that time. Amongst her first works for the Nazi regime was the Victory of Faith film, which she shot at a party rally in Nuremberg. Her work impressed Hitler, who offered her a large reward which she was hesitant in taking. She, however accepted his offer of providing her with full license to run her motion pictures and unlimited resources to foster her work. It is unclear whether the offers were responsible for her success which followed such as the shooting of Olympia which captured the Berlin Summer Olympic Games of 1936 which ear ned her several awards and global recognition3. However, her later relationships with the Nazi party were not as she expected, especially after witnessing the brutality and attacks of the British troops whom she accompanied at times. She was as confident as to approach Hitler and request him to end the brutality of his army, and from there, her association with the Nazis began fading.

A Research Proposal On Suicide Essay - 1660 Words

Statement of Interest Suicide by cop commonly abbreviated as SBC is a topic that embraces a self-explanatory name. However, for the purpose of this research proposal, a conceptual definition will provide a better direction in the questions to be asked and addressed in searching for Scholarly articles. The working definition is, someone who intentionally puts himself in a circumstance where they are deemed as a lethal threat to society or police officials. Taking the necessary actions to put themselves in immediate danger by forcing officers to take action in using lethal force to stop what is considered to be an imminent threat. The end result is suicide. Whether the reason for suicide is that the person was afraid to intentionally inflict pain on himself, or religious reasons that came into question when deliberately taking one’s own life. It is never something easily accepted by an officer. With the many causes and effects of SbC the focus of this research proposal will address what kind of indiv iduals pose the most threat to society and police officers in instances of SBC. Additionally, what features make them dangerous and how to be able to identify these features? In other words, are there things set in place to help officers combat against scenarios of SBC. As well as what are the negative outcomes of SBC and what kind of help can be provided for the officers affected by these traumatic instances. Literature Search on Galileo In constructing my search on GalileoShow MoreRelated A Modest Proposal for Euthanasia Essay700 Words   |  3 PagesA Modest Proposal for Euthanasia Euthanasia is a controversy that cannot be resolved from a single court ruling or a single person’s opinion. Many proposals have been suggested based on various studies and surveys. In â€Å"You Say Murder, I Say Euthanasia,† Clair Rayner describes a notable proposal regarding extreme euthanasia cases. 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Purpose of Study Although, many college students live on to see their graduation and build their careers they can still face adult depression as well as developing bipolar disorder if the mind begins to create an imbalance. The research problem being studied is the effects ofRead MoreEffective Public Health Strategies For End The Bloody Epidemic909 Words   |  4 PagesThe question that the researcher answers: 1) the research question posed in this article was â€Å"What will it take to achieve effective public health strategies to end this bloody epidemic?† (Bettigole, p. 2) iv. How do the researchers answer the questions? This is contained in the methodology section or some equivalent. The question posed was answered with several different proposals presented throughout the article. Some of the proposals consisted of consistent monitoring of every gun dealerships

Getting to Know Absinthe - 650 Words

La Fee Verte, the green fairy, the green goddess, all popular names for the spirit known as absinthe. However its referred to, absinthe has made a big name for itself throughout history, eventually leading to its banning, and is now making a come back. The name â€Å"absinthe† comes from the scientific name for its main ingredient Artemisia absinthium, or wormwood. Woodworm flavored wines date back to the Egyptians, who drank it for medicinal purposes as early as 1550 B.C. Ancient Greeks also consumed a woodworm flavored wine that may have been the predecessor of modern absinthe. (History.com) It was not until 1792 where it was first distilled in Switzerland by the French doctor Pierre Ordinaire. For five years the spirit was produced for its medicinal properties. In fact, French soldiers fighting in Algeria were administered absinthe to prevent malaria and dysentery. (Kitchen Doctor) These men sought out this cure-all in the bars and cafes of Paris, where it had gained a following among bohemians and the bourgeoisie. (Liquor.com) This demand was met with commercial absinthe production when Major Dubied bought the recipe from Dr. Ordinaire and proceeded to manufacture the spirit with his son-in-law, Henri-Louis Pernod, in Val-de-Travers, Switzerland. The venture proved to be profitable and Pernod in 1805 moved to a larger facility in Pontarlier, France. Although Pernod only distilled some 16 liters of absinthe when it first started, it only took a few short years forShow MoreRelatedA Case Study Of Vincent Van Gogh1723 Words   |  7 Pagesmadman† who had cut off his ear and given it as present to a prostitute. 1. Artistic beginnings. Van Gogh’s introduction to art was through his mother, who was an amateur artist, but his uncle was the one who actually helped him pursue his goals by getting Van Gogh his first art gig. As teenager, Van Gogh worked under an international art dealer, and through this position, he soon found himself in London where he first discovered his love for art. Originally, he thought he wanted to be a pastor dueRead MoreCritical Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants923 Words   |  4 Pagesirrational and controversial as today’s ongoing debate over gay marriage. Although the term abortion is never used in the story, the imagery Hemingway uses along with the language and behavior of the characters gives way for one explanation – Jig is getting an abortion. Of the many symbols Hemingway uses, the theme of abortion is evident in the white elephant hills that have the â€Å"coloring of †¦ skin through the trees† (Hemingway, 1). The white hills, as described in the setting, parallels a pregnantRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Golden Sunshine 901 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome aware the battery ran out. 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In Kate Bravermans short story Tall TalesRead MoreThe Quality Of Communication And The Way A Person1143 Words   |  5 Pagesperfectly simple,† operation. He indirectly leads her towards the abortion by saying â€Å"[this baby] is the only thing that bothers us. It’s the only thing that’s made us unhappy.† Jig doesn’t want for the man to be unsatisfied, therefore she considers getting rid of what they think is the â€Å"problem†. She claims she doesn’t â€Å"care about [herself]† and just cares about the man. It is evident that she loves him and just wants to do whatever the man desires in order for his love. â€Å"If I do it you’ll be happyRead MoreMonologue of a Drug Lord1143 Words   |  5 PagesMonologue of a Drug Lord I know. If you were to see me walking on the street you would never suspect I’m a drug dealer – let alone a drug lord. You know, I’ve always resented that title: drug lord. It makes me seem like a vehement Colombian with an imperial moustache and ostentatious golden rings, not to mention most people assume the worst of you the instant you tell them – even the weed obsessed Rastafarians and the acid infatuated Hipsters don’t respond too well to that particular title. I haveRead MoreHills Like White Elephants Analysis Essay1766 Words   |  8 Pagescharacters, the language, and the symbolism, one can see that the conversation is about an abortion and that the couple’s relationship is falling apart. Ernest Hemingway uses characters, sexism, and the setting and symbolism to give the readers a chance to know couple and see their broken relationship. Hills Like White Elephant was written in 1927, right before the Great Depression. In the story, the couple travels throughout Spain to Barcelona and to the capitol of Spain, Madrid. 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The sun is jolly and as you inhale the air seems to suck through you effortlessly. Everything is blue, no, not blue with melancholy, this blue is the blue that knows you and where you live and its never going to forget (107). The blue is the faà §ade and excitement an addict gets from drugs. Addicts look for an escape, a better life, and something more gratifying, instantly. In Kate Bravermans short story Tall

Globalizaiton esse Free Essays

Balancing the Paradox of Localization and Globalization: Research and Analyze the Levels of Market Involvement for Multinational Carmakers in China’s Market Authors: Chin June Jiao Gagging Tutors: Dry. Philippe UDDI, Dry. Mikhail Lundeberg Program: Master’s Programmer in Leadership and Management in International Context Subject: Level and semester: Master’s Thesis Masterly Spring 2008 Baltic Business School CHIN June ;JIAO Stating 16/05/2008 Acknowledgements Our Personal Thanks We want to thank the following people for their continued supports throughout this p Seagram and their help in writing this thesis. We will write a custom essay sample on Globalizaiton esse or any similar topic only for you Order Now Without their help, this thesis would not have been possible. In the first place, we would like to give thanks to our professor, Dry. Philippe UDDI for his supervision, advice, and guidance all through this research. Above all and the most needed, he provided us great encouragement and support in various ways. We also sincerely appreciate Mr.. Mikhail Lundeberg for his encouragement, supervision, constructive suggestions and professional advices to us during the research. His crucial contribution to the thesis is of great significance. His involvement with his originality has rigged and nourished our intellectual maturity. Abstract Field: Master thesis in change management Number of Pages: Title: Chin June ; Jiao Gagging Supervisor: Mikhail Lundeberg, Baltic Business School, Kalmia, Sweden Submission Date: 16th May, 2008 3 Executive Summary: Multinational Corporations (Mans) are facing the paradox of globalization and localization in entering each new market. Generally, there are two perspectives which regard to how a NC configure its crossbred activities: The first is global convergence perspective, which focuses on leveraging corporate resources and attaining global synergies. The second is international diversity perspective, which lays more emphasis on local adaptation and harnessing diversities s. Both perspectives have their pros and cons, a balance between international standardization and local adaptation is vital. For the major Auto China market is as clear as day to everyone. This paper focuses on how the major Auto Giants balance the paradox of globalization and localization in the China market. In other words, how the Mans deal with the dilemma of globalization and localization under different strategic contexts? The eavesdropping auto market is one of the embodiments of that transfer process. So, our research on the major carmakers’ activities in China’s automobile industry lies in the current issue of the rise of China. The paradox of globalization and localization for multinational companies is not new anymore; however, it doesn’t necessarily meaner that they are invalid or meaningless. Instead, it is a forever topic as the countries in the world is more and more economically interrelated. Moreover, the theory itself has been developing ever since. Nowadays, multinational companies are dominating the world economy, so is going to be in China. Combined with the background of China’s unique business environment, the theory could be further applied and developed. The free participate on of Mans in the China’s market and their fierce competitions is the reason why ordinary Chinese customers are enjoying a great variety of commodities, comparing to 15 years ago when only limited types of inferior products were available. With regard to the choice of the industry, several industries were available for us to study the localization of Mans in the China market. Besides our personal interests on it, automobile industry is better than any others for researching Mans’ global strategies. The automobile industry, due to its importance, is a popular topic in the academia. As a result, the accessibility of relevant literatures is high, How to cite Globalizaiton esse, Papers

Preaks vs. administrators Essay Example For Students

Preaks vs. administrators Essay The Internet is a wondrous place. Practically anything you could ever want is available on the Net. Its like a big city, it has the highly prestigiousareas, and the sex-ridden slums. It has the upstanding citizens, and it hasthe criminals. On the Net, crime is more abundant than in a large city,though, mainly because of the difficulties in tracking and prosecutingoffenders. Even from its beginnings, the Internet has always been abattlefield between phreaks and administrators.The Internet hasnt always been a public forum. In fact, the Internet has beenaround for years. The Internet is just a new fad (The More I Learn A1). TheInternet originally began as DARPANET, a government-created network, which wasdesigned for defense communications. The Net structure is such that it couldsurvive a nuclear war (Internet History). The creation of the Net can not beblamed for the existence of hackers though, hackers are older than the Netitself, but the Net is the largest hacker haven today (Spencer , HackingMcDonalds 6).The growth of the Net since its creation has been nothing less than astounding.In the 25-plus years since its creation, the Net now has over thirty millionusers using four million sites worldwide. Estimates rate the growth of the Netanywhere from ten to fifteen percent per month (Spencer, Hacking McDonalds6).The Internet was first released to major universities in the United States of America. Since then, the universities have offered connections to small business, service providers, and even to the individual user. Sometimes these connections cost a fortune, and sometimes they can be obtained for free (Internet History). Although some of the original universities have droppedoff the Net for various reasons, every major university in the United States,and now, most others in the world, have a connection to the Internet (Quittner61).Although it isnt easy for an individual to get a direct connection to the Net,many private institutions are getting connections. Th is is mainly due to thefact that in order to support the very high speed of the Net, a fast computeris needed and a fast connection. A fast computer can cost in the tens ofthousands of dollars, at least, and a fast connection can cost twenty thousand dollars or more, followed by a few thousand dollars a year. Individuals can still get on the Net through these private institutions. The privateinstitution spoon-feeds the Net to the slower computers over their slowerconnection lines (Spencer, Stranglehold 8).The Internet began very high-class, due to the fact that only superintelligentcollege students and professors could access it. The discussions tended tostay intellectual, with very little, if any, disturbance (Internet History).However, relatively recent changes in the availability of the Net have changedthat atmosphere. Now, almost anyone can access the Internet. Internet accessis offered by every major online service (Himowitz A1). The fact that themajor online services charge fo r their use keeps many people away from them.Those people simply turn to public dial-ups, which are free connections offeredby universities that are available to the general public (Spencer, Know YourTerritory 27).Because accessing the Net is easier, and a lot more people are doing it,naturally the amount of information on the Net is increasing at the same rate,if not faster. In what is often referred to by Net users as the ResourceExplosion, the amount of information circulating the Internet has increasedmore than proportionately with the number of users (Spencer, HackingMcDonalds 6).Of all the other factors contributing to the large percent of online crimes,perhaps the most influential is the design structure of the Internet. Expertsagree that the underlying structure with no central hub, where each computer isequally powerful, gives unchecked power to the undeserving (Spencer, Stranglehold 8).The design also makes controlling the frequency of break-ins almost impossibleas well. B oth politicians and so-called experts believe the Internet as awhole will be regulated in the next five years. Hackers disagree, using thearguments that the Internet was designed to be uncontrollable, that the basicstructure doesnt support regulation (Spencer, Stranglehold 8). I mustagree. In a network run by its users, which is designed to be impervious toattack, not even the government has much muscle there.In fact, the Internet is one of the few places that the government has littlepower. Because the Net is international, any regulations forced upon domesticcomputer users can be circumvented by routing through an overseas computer(Savage). The government doesnt have the power to completely shut down theNet. In order to do that, every one of the millions of computers on the Net must be disconnected. Even if only two remain, the Net will continue to exist (Spencer, Hacking McDonalds 6).To ease of adding something to the Net is also a factor preventing the totalregulation of the Net . A new site can be added to the Net in a matter ofseconds, and can be removed just as quickly. It takes authorities considerabletime to trace a connection back to its physical address, and if it disappears,it makes tracking it all that more difficult (FtS, Avoiding).Once a resource becomes widespread, removing it from the Internet is almostimpossible. Each site that has the resource must be found and the resourceremoved. If even one site has the resource, it can spread to cover the Neteasily (Spencer, Stranglehold 8).With all these things leaving the Internet open to phreaking, is it any wonderthat so many phreaks exist? The United States Government has all of itscomputer systems on the Internet, yet many universities have better securitythan government computers containing confidential information (Spencer, Know27). A majority of break-ins occur in university computers, mainly because ofthe stiff penalties for being caught in a government computer (FtS,Avoiding). Over 10,000 break -ins that have occurred in recent months areblamed on The Posse, a group of young phreaks (Quittner 61). If break-ins aredone on universities, then how secure are the governments secrets?Both hackers and phreakers tend to stay away from heavy-duty governmenthacking, though. Exploring innocently and generally harmless pranks are donethe most, and many hacks/phreaks dont limit themselves to the Internet, oreven to a computer (Spencer, Hacking McDonalds 6). The next step up for agood computer hack/phreak is to field phreaking, which covers many variousactivities, but mainly using telephone company boxes to make free calls andother various things, but most field phreaking is somehow technically relatedto their computer skills (FtS, Field Phreaking). Field phreaking does happen, and it does happen quite a lot. For example, when two bachelors rented a billboard in hopes of finding a mate, a phreak brokeinto their voice mail box and changed the message to a perverted sexually suggestive me ssage (UPI).More recently, a hacker obtained tens of thousands of passwords using a Trojanhorse program, which records the first 128 keystrokes when someone connects tothe Internet. These 128 keystrokes normally contain the users name and theirpassword (AP).Kevin Lee Poulsen was featured on Unsolved Mysteries in 1991 for chargesincluding tampering with the telephone network and stealing governmentdocuments, all via computer. Because of this appearance, he was captured bytwo bag-boys in a Hughes Supermarket who saw his picture on the show (Fine 62).Tonya Hardings E-mail in the Olympic computers was open to the public sinceshe never changed her password from its default, 1112, which corresponds toher birthday, December 11th (Nevius). Mark Abene, whom many believe to be the greatest phreak ever, who is knownonline as Phiber Optik, was sentenced to one year in prison, a stiff punishmentfor his charge of breaking into a telephone network (Deadkat).Although the job is hard, there are grou ps devoted to stopping violationscommitted online. One such group, the Computer Emergency Response Team, orCERT, a government-funded team at Carnegie-Mellon University gives advisoriesand support to systems that have been broken into or are at risk of beingbroken into (Internet History). Another method of preventing break-ins are new security measures. Almost every day, another operating system or communication protocol comes out which covers holes found in previous copies of the software. This is good as a temporary solution, but as soon as the new software comes out, a new hole is found andthe game continues (FtS, Avoiding).Stopping computer hacking is probably impossible, although undoubtedly stoppinghacking altogether is impossible. Why? Because many professionals spendmillions of dollars to prevent break-ins, but smaller systems dont spendanything. Free security will never be able to hold everyone out. 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